Ford Explorer Rear Wheel Drive – Mastering Performance & Maintenance
The Ford Explorer, a versatile SUV beloved by families and adventurers alike, has a rich history with various drivetrain configurations. Understanding the nuances of its rear-wheel-drive (RWD) system is key to optimizing its performance, ensuring longevity, and tackling diverse driving conditions with confidence. This guide will help you unlock the full potential of your RWD Explorer.
Ever wondered about the true capabilities and unique characteristics of your Ford Explorer? While many modern SUVs feature all-wheel drive, a significant number of Explorers, particularly earlier generations, proudly sport a rear-wheel-drive setup. This distinction profoundly impacts handling, maintenance, and even off-road potential.
As a seasoned mechanic and enthusiast, I’ll guide you through everything you need to know about the ford explorer rear wheel drive system. We’ll delve into its mechanics, explore driving dynamics, cover essential maintenance, and even touch on performance upgrades and off-road considerations. By the end, you’ll have the expert knowledge to care for your RWD Explorer like a pro.
Get ready to understand why the rear-wheel-drive architecture offers a unique driving experience and how to ensure your Explorer continues to perform optimally for years to come.
Understanding Your Ford Explorer Rear Wheel Drive System
The rear-wheel-drive (RWD) system is a classic automotive design where engine power is sent exclusively to the rear wheels. This configuration offers distinct advantages in handling and weight distribution, especially under acceleration.
For the Ford Explorer, RWD was the standard configuration for its first four generations, from 1991 all the way up to 2010. Even some fifth-generation models (2011-2019) offered RWD before the platform fully transitioned to front-wheel-drive (FWD) based architecture with available all-wheel-drive (AWD).
The latest sixth-generation Explorer (2020-present) made a significant return to a dedicated RWD platform, highlighting its benefits for performance and towing. This setup typically includes a transmission, a driveshaft, and a rear differential assembly.
How RWD Works in Your Explorer
Power from the engine and transmission travels through a long driveshaft. This shaft connects to the rear differential, a crucial component that splits power between the two rear axle shafts.
The differential also allows the wheels to spin at different speeds when turning, which is vital for smooth cornering. Understanding these core components is the first step to proper care.
Advantages and Disadvantages of RWD
Advantages:
- Better Weight Distribution: Often results in a more balanced vehicle, improving handling dynamics.
- Superior Acceleration: Weight shifts to the rear during acceleration, pressing the drive wheels into the pavement for better traction.
- Improved Towing Capacity: The RWD layout is generally better suited for heavy towing due to its inherent strength and weight distribution under load.
- Simpler Steering: Front wheels are solely for steering, leading to a tighter turning radius and less torque steer.
Disadvantages:
- Reduced Traction in Low-Grip Conditions: Less weight over the rear wheels can lead to traction loss on slippery surfaces like snow or ice.
- More Complex Drivetrain: Requires a driveshaft and rear differential, adding components compared to simpler FWD setups.
The Evolution of Ford Explorer Drivetrains: RWD to AWD
The Ford Explorer’s drivetrain history is a journey through changing automotive trends and engineering advancements. Originally, the SUV was built on a body-on-frame chassis, largely sharing its architecture with Ford’s Ranger pickup truck.
This heritage meant a standard RWD configuration, often with optional four-wheel drive (4WD) systems. These early models, like the first and second-generation Explorers, were rugged and dependable.
Identifying Your Explorer’s Drivetrain
Knowing your Explorer’s specific drivetrain is crucial for maintenance and understanding its capabilities. For most owners, a quick check of the vehicle’s specification sticker or owner’s manual will confirm if you have a RWD, FWD, or AWD model.
Visually, a RWD or AWD Explorer will have a driveshaft running from the transmission to the rear axle. FWD models lack this driveshaft and rear differential housing.
The Shift to FWD-Based Platforms
With the fifth generation (2011-2019), Ford transitioned the Explorer to a unibody, FWD-based platform. This move aimed to improve fuel efficiency, ride comfort, and interior space.
While AWD was available, the base model of this generation was FWD. This meant a significant change in driving dynamics and capabilities compared to its predecessors.
The Return to RWD for the Sixth Generation
In a notable move, the sixth-generation Explorer (2020-present) reverted to a dedicated RWD platform. This decision was largely driven by a desire to improve towing capacity, enhance driving dynamics, and accommodate more powerful engine options like the 3.0L EcoBoost V6.
This return to a RWD-biased architecture for the modern ford explorer rear wheel drive models has been well-received by enthusiasts and those who value performance and utility.
Driving Dynamics: What to Expect from Rear Wheel Drive
Driving a RWD Ford Explorer offers a distinct feel compared to its FWD or AWD counterparts. Understanding these dynamics helps you get the most out of your vehicle and drive safely in varying conditions.
On dry pavement, RWD Explorers often feel more balanced and engaging. The separation of steering (front) and power delivery (rear) can lead to a more direct steering feel and better cornering stability at speed.
Handling in Everyday Conditions
During normal driving, a RWD Explorer typically exhibits a smooth, confident ride. The vehicle’s weight distribution, with the engine over the front wheels and the drive axle at the rear, contributes to a balanced feel.
Acceleration is often crisp, as the rear wheels gain traction under load. You’ll notice less “torque steer” – the tugging sensation in the steering wheel sometimes felt in powerful FWD vehicles during hard acceleration.
Navigating Low-Grip Surfaces
This is where RWD requires more driver attention. On wet roads, snow, or ice, the lighter rear end can lose traction more easily than a FWD vehicle, which has the engine’s weight directly over the drive wheels.
Modern Explorers equipped with RWD come with advanced safety systems like traction control and electronic stability control (ESC). These systems are invaluable, working tirelessly to prevent wheel spin and maintain vehicle control by selectively applying brakes and reducing engine power.
Pro Tip: In snowy conditions, adding sandbags or other heavy, non-shifting items over the rear axle can significantly improve traction. Always drive gently, avoid abrupt steering or braking, and ensure your tires are in excellent condition.
Understanding Oversteer
A characteristic of RWD vehicles, especially when pushed hard or on slippery surfaces, is the potential for oversteer. This is when the rear wheels lose traction and slide outwards, causing the vehicle to turn more sharply than intended.
While modern stability control systems largely mitigate this risk, it’s good to be aware. Learning to gently counter-steer and ease off the throttle are skills for advanced drivers, but most everyday situations are handled safely by the vehicle’s electronics.
Essential Maintenance for Your Explorer’s Drivetrain
Maintaining the rear-wheel-drive components of your Ford Explorer is vital for its longevity and performance. Regular inspections and fluid changes prevent costly repairs down the line.
Unlike FWD vehicles where the transmission and differential are often combined, RWD systems have a separate rear differential that requires specific attention. Neglecting this can lead to premature wear and failure.
Rear Differential Fluid Changes
The differential fluid lubricates the gears within the rear axle, reducing friction and heat. Over time, this fluid breaks down and can become contaminated with metal particles.
Recommendation: Consult your owner’s manual for the exact service interval, but generally, differential fluid should be inspected and potentially changed every 30,000 to 60,000 miles, especially if you tow frequently or drive in harsh conditions. Use the correct weight and type of gear oil specified by Ford.
- Locate the drain and fill plugs on the rear differential housing.
- Place a drain pan beneath the differential.
- Remove the drain plug and allow the old fluid to completely empty.
- Replace the drain plug, ensuring it’s tightened to specification.
- Remove the fill plug and use a fluid pump to add fresh differential fluid until it just begins to drip out of the fill hole.
- Replace the fill plug.
If you’re unsure, or if the fluid looks excessively dark or gritty, it’s best to have a professional mechanic handle this service.
Driveshaft and U-Joint Inspection
The driveshaft transmits power from the transmission to the rear differential. It typically has universal joints (U-joints) at each end, which allow for movement as the suspension articulates. Check For:
- Vibrations: A common sign of a failing U-joint or an unbalanced driveshaft.
- Clunking Noises: Often heard when shifting into gear or accelerating, indicating worn U-joints.
- Grease Leaks: Look for grease around the U-joints, suggesting a torn boot.
A visual inspection should be part of your routine maintenance. If you notice any issues, have them addressed promptly. Worn U-joints can lead to driveshaft failure, which can be dangerous.
Axle Shafts and Bearings
The axle shafts connect the differential to the rear wheels. They rely on bearings to spin smoothly. Listen for humming or grinding noises from the rear, especially when turning, which could indicate worn wheel bearings.
Addressing bearing issues early prevents further damage to the axle or wheel hub assembly. This is typically a job for a qualified technician with specialized tools.
Troubleshooting Common Rear Wheel Drive Issues
Even with diligent maintenance, issues can arise. Knowing how to identify common problems with your ford explorer rear wheel drive system can help you decide whether it’s a DIY fix or time to call a professional.
Many RWD problems manifest as noises or vibrations, which can sometimes be difficult to pinpoint. Always prioritize safety and consult a certified mechanic if you’re unsure about any repair.
Vibrations During Driving
If you experience vibrations that increase with vehicle speed, especially from the rear, it often points to driveshaft or U-joint problems. An unbalanced driveshaft or worn U-joints can cause significant shaking. What to Check:
- Inspect U-joints for looseness or corrosion.
- Look for any dents or damage to the driveshaft itself.
- Ensure wheels are balanced and tires are in good condition.
A reputable shop can diagnose driveshaft balance issues and replace U-joints. Never ignore persistent vibrations.
Whining or Grinding Noises from the Rear
A distinct whine or howl from the rear of the vehicle, particularly noticeable at certain speeds or when decelerating, is a classic symptom of differential trouble. This usually indicates worn gears or bearings inside the differential housing. Action: Check your differential fluid level and condition immediately. If the fluid is low, dark, or smells burnt, it’s a strong indicator of internal wear. This is a complex repair that requires specialized tools and expertise, so professional help is recommended.
Fluid Leaks
Puddles or drips of thick, dark fluid under the rear of your Explorer could indicate a differential leak. Common leak points include the differential cover gasket, pinion seal (where the driveshaft connects), or axle seals (where the axle shafts exit the differential). Importance: Low differential fluid can quickly lead to catastrophic failure. Address any leaks promptly. Replacing seals can be a DIY task for experienced mechanics, but if you’re uncomfortable, seek professional assistance.
Clunking or Clicking Sounds
A clunking sound, especially when putting the vehicle in gear (Drive or Reverse) or when accelerating from a stop, often points to excessive play in the driveshaft U-joints or worn differential gears.
Clicking noises, particularly during turns, might suggest issues with the axle shafts or wheel bearings, though this is less common with RWD than FWD CV joints.
Performance Upgrades for Your RWD Ford Explorer
For enthusiasts looking to enhance their Ford Explorer rear wheel drive, several performance upgrades can significantly improve handling, traction, and even power delivery. These modifications cater to different driving styles, from spirited street driving to light off-roading.
Always consider your vehicle’s primary use and consult with experts before making significant modifications. Ensure any changes maintain the vehicle’s safety and reliability.
Suspension Improvements
Upgrading your Explorer’s suspension can dramatically improve its handling and ride quality. Options include:
- Performance Shocks and Struts: Can reduce body roll, improve stability, and offer better dampening over bumps. Brands like Bilstein or KYB are popular choices.
- Lowering Springs: For a more aggressive street stance and improved cornering, though this can reduce ground clearance.
- Sway Bars: Thicker sway bars (anti-roll bars) can further reduce body roll, making the vehicle feel more planted in turns.
Limited-Slip Differentials (LSD)
A standard open differential sends power to the wheel with the least resistance. In low-traction situations, this means one wheel spins uselessly while the other gets no power.
An LSD, or even a full locking differential for off-road use, ensures that power is distributed to both rear wheels more effectively. This significantly improves traction during acceleration, in slippery conditions, and off-road. Benefit: A limited-slip differential can transform your RWD Explorer’s capability, providing much better grip out of corners or on loose surfaces. This is a more advanced upgrade, usually requiring professional installation.
Tire Selection
The right tires are perhaps the most impactful “upgrade” you can make. For RWD vehicles, tire choice is critical for managing traction.
- Performance Street Tires: Offer superior grip for enthusiastic driving in dry conditions.
- All-Season Tires: A good balance for most drivers, providing decent grip in various conditions.
- Winter Tires: Absolutely essential for RWD Explorers in snowy or icy climates. Their specialized tread patterns and rubber compounds offer vastly superior traction when temperatures drop below freezing.
Off-Roading with a Rear Wheel Drive Explorer: Tips and Limitations
While the Ford Explorer is a capable SUV, taking a ford explorer rear wheel drive model off-road requires a different approach than with a 4WD or AWD variant. It’s crucial to understand its limitations and employ smart driving techniques to prevent getting stuck or causing damage.
RWD Explorers can handle light trails, well-maintained dirt roads, and even some sandy terrain, especially with the right tires. However, they are not designed for serious rock crawling, deep mud, or steep, loose inclines where all four wheels need to claw for traction.
When RWD Excels Off-Pavement
On relatively flat, dry dirt roads or compact sand, a RWD Explorer can perform admirably. The inherent balance and power delivery can feel quite natural. In sand, airing down your tires (to around 15-20 PSI, depending on tire size) significantly increases the tire’s contact patch, providing better floatation and traction.
Always re-inflate your tires to proper street pressure immediately after leaving the trail to prevent damage and ensure safe on-road driving.
Understanding RWD Limitations
The primary limitation is traction on loose, slippery, or uneven surfaces. Without power to the front wheels, if the rear wheels lose grip, you’re essentially stuck. This is especially true on steep ascents where the weight shifts to the rear, potentially lightening the front steering wheels too much, or in mud where the rear wheels can dig in.
Scenarios to Avoid:
- Deep mud or ruts.
- Steep, loose gravel or dirt inclines.
- Heavy snow without proper winter tires and weight over the rear axle.
- Crossing deep water.
Essential Off-Road Gear for RWD
If you plan on light off-roading, even with a RWD Explorer, always carry essential recovery gear:
- Traction Boards: MaxTrax or similar recovery boards can be invaluable for getting unstuck from sand or mud.
- Shovel: For digging out tires.
- Tow Strap: For gentle recovery by another vehicle (ensure it’s rated for your Explorer’s weight).
- Air Compressor & Tire Pressure Gauge: For airing down and re-inflating tires.
- First-Aid Kit & Water: Always prioritize personal safety.
Safety First: Never off-road alone. Go with another vehicle or at least inform someone of your route and expected return time. When in doubt, turn back. No trail is worth risking your safety or damaging your vehicle beyond repair. If you encounter a situation beyond your comfort or your vehicle’s capability, call for assistance from a trusted friend, local towing service, or park ranger if in a designated area.
Frequently Asked Questions About Ford Explorer Rear Wheel Drive
Can I convert my RWD Explorer to AWD?
While technically possible, converting a RWD Ford Explorer to AWD is an extremely complex, costly, and time-consuming undertaking. It would require significant structural modifications, swapping the transmission, transfer case, front differential, front axles, and potentially even the entire subframe. It is generally not practical or cost-effective and is far more sensible to simply buy an AWD model if that’s what you need.
What are the best tires for a RWD Ford Explorer in winter?
For optimal safety and performance in winter conditions, dedicated winter tires are highly recommended for a RWD Ford Explorer. Their specialized rubber compounds remain flexible in cold temperatures, and aggressive tread patterns provide superior grip on snow and ice compared to all-season tires. Look for tires with the “three-peak mountain snowflake” symbol.
How often should I change the differential fluid?
Ford’s recommended differential fluid change intervals can vary by model year and usage. As a general guideline, inspect your differential fluid every 30,000 miles and consider changing it every 60,000 to 100,000 miles under normal driving conditions. If you frequently tow heavy loads, drive in extreme temperatures, or engage in off-road activities, you should shorten this interval to every 30,000 to 50,000 miles.
Is a rear wheel drive Ford Explorer good for towing?
Yes, the rear wheel drive Ford Explorer is generally excellent for towing. The RWD platform is inherently well-suited for towing heavy loads because the weight of the trailer tends to push down on the rear axle, improving traction and stability for the drive wheels. This is one of the key reasons Ford returned to a RWD-based platform for the latest generation Explorer, offering impressive towing capacities when properly equipped.
The ford explorer rear wheel drive system offers a robust and engaging driving experience, whether you’re navigating city streets or exploring light trails. By understanding its mechanics, performing regular maintenance, and knowing its capabilities and limitations, you can ensure your Explorer remains a reliable and enjoyable vehicle for years to come.
Remember, proactive care and informed driving decisions are your best tools for automotive longevity and safety. Don’t hesitate to consult your owner’s manual for specific service intervals or a certified mechanic for any complex repairs. Keep your Explorer running smoothly, and it will take you on countless adventures!
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