Ford Explorer St All Wheel Drive – Master Its Capabilities
The Ford Explorer ST’s Intelligent AWD system delivers superior traction and dynamic handling, adapting seamlessly to diverse road conditions. Understanding its drive modes and crucial maintenance is key to unlocking the full potential of this high-performance SUV, ensuring both safety and an exhilarating driving experience.
The roar of a twin-turbo V6 engine under the hood of a Ford Explorer ST is unmistakable, signaling a vehicle built for exhilarating performance. But what truly sets this SUV apart, allowing it to translate all that power into confident motion across varying terrains?
It’s the sophisticated ford explorer st all wheel drive system, a marvel of modern automotive engineering. This isn’t just a system for bad weather; it’s a performance enhancer, a safety net, and a gateway to adventure.
Whether you’re an everyday driver navigating city streets, a weekend warrior tackling light trails, or a DIY mechanic keen to understand your machine, this guide will dive deep into how the Explorer ST’s AWD works, how to properly use its features, and the essential maintenance steps to keep it performing at its peak.
Understanding the Ford Explorer ST All-Wheel Drive System
The Intelligent All-Wheel Drive system in the Ford Explorer ST is far more than a simple 4×4 setup. It’s an advanced, on-demand system designed to continuously monitor traction and distribute torque precisely where it’s needed most.
This dynamic capability ensures optimal grip, whether you’re accelerating hard on dry pavement or navigating slippery conditions. It provides a significant advantage in stability and control.
How Intelligent AWD Works
At its core, the Explorer ST’s AWD system constantly analyzes data from various sensors. These sensors detect wheel slip, steering angle, throttle input, and even ambient temperature.
Based on this information, the system proactively adjusts power distribution between the front and rear axles. It can send up to 100% of available torque to either axle, ensuring maximum traction.
Key components like the Power Transfer Unit (PTU) and the rear differential are central to this operation. The PTU routes power from the transmission to the rear driveline, while the rear differential, often incorporating a clutch pack, precisely manages torque distribution to each rear wheel.
Key Components and Terminology
Understanding the fundamental parts helps in appreciating the system’s complexity. The drivetrain includes the transmission, PTU, front half-shafts, driveshaft, and the rear differential assembly.
The system also works in conjunction with the vehicle’s electronic stability control (ESC) and traction control systems. These electronic aids further enhance grip by selectively applying brakes to individual wheels to curb excessive spin.
Terms like “torque vectoring” are often associated with high-performance AWD. While not a full mechanical torque vectoring differential, the Explorer ST’s system uses brake-based torque vectoring. This means it can lightly brake an inner wheel during cornering to send more power to the outer wheel, improving turn-in and reducing understeer.
Unleashing Performance: Drive Modes and Traction Management
One of the most powerful features of the ford explorer st all wheel drive is its selectable drive modes. These modes aren’t just cosmetic changes; they recalibrate the vehicle’s entire character, including throttle response, transmission shift points, steering feel, and crucially, the AWD system’s behavior.
Knowing when and how to use each mode is essential for maximizing performance, safety, and fuel efficiency.
Exploring the Terrain Management System
The Explorer ST comes equipped with Ford’s Terrain Management System, accessible via a rotary dial in the center console. Each mode is tailored for specific driving conditions:
- Normal: Your everyday setting, balancing comfort, performance, and efficiency. The AWD system operates automatically, engaging when needed.
- Sport: Sharpens throttle response, holds gears longer, and firm up steering. The AWD system becomes more aggressive, often sending more power to the rear for a sportier feel.
- Tow/Haul: Optimizes transmission shift points and engine braking for towing heavy loads. The AWD system focuses on stability and traction to manage the added weight.
- Slippery: Ideal for rain, ice, or light snow. This mode softens throttle response and makes the AWD system more sensitive to wheel slip, engaging quickly to maintain traction.
- Deep Snow/Sand: Engages the AWD system more continuously and adjusts traction control to allow for controlled wheel spin, which can be necessary to maintain momentum in deep, loose surfaces.
- Trail: Designed for light off-road excursions. It optimizes AWD, traction control, and throttle for navigating uneven terrain, rocks, and dirt paths.
When to Use Each Drive Mode
Choosing the right mode is about matching the vehicle’s behavior to the environment. For instance, “Sport” mode is fantastic for spirited driving on winding roads, but not ideal for icy conditions where “Slippery” mode provides much greater control.
When heading off the beaten path, even for light trails, switching to “Trail” mode will give you the best chance of maintaining traction and avoiding getting stuck. In very challenging deep snow or soft sand, the “Deep Snow/Sand” mode becomes critical, allowing the wheels to churn just enough to dig for grip.
Always assess the conditions before selecting a mode. If you’re unsure, “Normal” or “Slippery” are safe starting points.
Essential Maintenance for Your Explorer ST’s AWD
Like any sophisticated mechanical system, the ford explorer st all wheel drive requires regular maintenance to ensure its longevity and peak performance. Neglecting these checks can lead to costly repairs down the line.
Proactive care is the best way to protect your investment and maintain the exhilarating capabilities of your ST.
Fluid Checks and Changes
The differential and PTU contain specialized lubricants that are crucial for their operation. These fluids withstand extreme heat and pressure, and over time, they break down.
Refer to your owner’s manual for the exact service intervals, but generally, differential and PTU fluid changes are recommended every 30,000 to 60,000 miles, especially if you frequently tow, drive aggressively, or venture off-road.
Using the correct fluid specification (e.g., Ford-specific gear oil) is paramount. Incorrect fluids can lead to premature wear and system failure. Always check the fluid level periodically using the dipstick or fill plug, looking for signs of discoloration or burnt smell.
Tire Health and Rotation
Even tire wear is critical for any AWD system, especially one as intelligent as the Explorer ST’s. Differences in tire circumference can confuse the AWD system, causing it to constantly engage and disengage, leading to accelerated wear on the PTU and differential.
Ensure all four tires are the same brand, model, size, and wear pattern. Regularly rotate your tires according to Ford’s recommendations (typically every 5,000-7,500 miles) to promote even wear across all four corners.
Maintain proper tire pressure, as indicated on the driver’s side door jamb. An inexpensive tire pressure gauge is an essential tool for any car owner.
Visual Inspections and Professional Check-ups
Periodically inspect the underside of your Explorer ST for any signs of leaks around the PTU, differentials, or half-shafts. Look for damaged CV boots, which can allow dirt and moisture into the joints, leading to failure.
During your regular service appointments, ask your mechanic to inspect the AWD components, including the driveshaft U-joints and any electrical connections. A professional can spot potential issues before they become major problems, using specialized diagnostic tools if warning lights appear on the dash.
Common Issues and Troubleshooting Your Explorer ST AWD
While the Ford Explorer ST’s AWD system is robust, certain issues can arise, often signaling the need for attention. Recognizing these symptoms early can prevent further damage and ensure your vehicle remains reliable.
Some problems can be simple fixes, while others require professional intervention.
Warning Lights and Diagnostic Codes
The most obvious sign of an AWD issue is a warning light on your dashboard, such as an “AWD Malfunction” message or a check engine light accompanied by specific diagnostic trouble codes (DTCs).
If you have an OBD-II scanner, you can pull these codes yourself. Common codes might point to sensor failures, actuator issues, or problems within the PTU or differential. Always consult your owner’s manual for immediate actions related to specific warnings.
A simple code reader can be a good starting point for DIYers, but interpreting complex codes often requires deeper expertise.
Noises, Vibrations, and Performance Changes
Listen for unusual noises emanating from the drivetrain, such as humming, grinding, or clunking sounds, especially during turns or acceleration. A humming noise might indicate a worn wheel bearing or differential issue, while a clunk could point to a failing U-joint or loose component.
Vibrations that change with vehicle speed or during acceleration can also signal a problem with the driveshaft, half-shafts, or internal differential components. Any noticeable change in how the vehicle handles, such as a loss of traction in slippery conditions, should prompt an immediate inspection.
When to Call a Licensed Professional
While basic fluid checks and visual inspections are within a DIYer’s scope, diagnosing and repairing complex AWD issues often requires specialized tools and expertise. If you encounter persistent warning lights, severe noises, or significant performance degradation, it’s time to consult a licensed professional.
A qualified Ford technician has access to factory diagnostic equipment and specific repair procedures. Attempting complex repairs without the proper knowledge or tools can lead to further damage and safety risks. Always prioritize safety and professional advice when in doubt.
Enhancing Your Ford Explorer ST All-Wheel Drive Experience
Beyond basic maintenance and troubleshooting, there are ways to truly optimize and enhance your ford explorer st all wheel drive experience. These pro tips and considerations can help you get the most out of your high-performance SUV, whether on the pavement or venturing slightly off-road.
A little extra knowledge goes a long way in mastering your vehicle’s full potential.
Tire Selection for Different Scenarios
While the factory-fitted tires are excellent all-rounders, specific tire choices can dramatically improve performance for particular use cases. For aggressive street driving and track days, consider high-performance summer tires for maximum grip in dry conditions.
If you frequently encounter heavy snow or icy conditions, a dedicated set of winter tires will offer superior traction and braking performance compared to all-season tires. For occasional light off-roading, a good set of all-terrain (A/T) tires can provide better grip and durability on dirt, gravel, and mild trails.
Always ensure any replacement tires match the original equipment size and load rating to avoid confusing the AWD system or compromising safety.
Understanding Weight Distribution and Towing
The Explorer ST is a capable tow vehicle, and its AWD system plays a crucial role in maintaining stability and traction when hauling a trailer. Proper weight distribution, achieved with a weight-distributing hitch if necessary, is vital.
Ensure your trailer’s tongue weight is within specifications and that the load is balanced. When towing, engage “Tow/Haul” mode to optimize the AWD system, transmission, and engine braking. This helps manage the additional strain on the drivetrain and ensures safer towing, especially on inclines or slippery ramps.
Remember that towing significantly impacts fuel economy and braking distances.
Driving Techniques for Various Conditions
Even with advanced AWD, driver input remains key. On slippery surfaces, smooth and gradual inputs are essential. Avoid sudden acceleration, braking, or steering maneuvers, as these can overwhelm even the best traction systems.
When driving in deep snow or sand, maintain a steady, moderate throttle. If you feel the vehicle losing momentum, a slight increase in throttle, guided by the “Deep Snow/Sand” mode, can help maintain progress. Avoid flooring the accelerator, which can cause excessive wheel spin and dig you in deeper.
For light trail driving, pick your lines carefully, avoid sudden impacts, and use the “Trail” mode to help the AWD system optimize traction over uneven terrain.
Frequently Asked Questions About Ford Explorer ST All-Wheel Drive
What is the difference between AWD and 4WD in the Explorer ST?
The Ford Explorer ST uses an Intelligent All-Wheel Drive (AWD) system, which is primarily designed for on-road performance and enhanced traction in varying conditions. It operates automatically, sending power to all four wheels as needed without driver intervention. Traditional 4WD systems, often found in more rugged trucks or SUVs, typically offer selectable modes like 4-High and 4-Low, providing more robust, locked power distribution for extreme off-road situations. The Explorer ST’s AWD is continuously adaptive, focusing on stability and dynamic handling.
Can I take my Ford Explorer ST off-roading with its AWD?
Yes, the Ford Explorer ST’s AWD system, especially with the “Trail” or “Deep Snow/Sand” drive modes, is capable of handling light off-roading, gravel roads, dirt paths, and moderate snow. It’s not designed for extreme rock crawling or deep mudding like a dedicated off-road vehicle. Always understand the vehicle’s limitations, be aware of ground clearance, and avoid situations that could damage the undercarriage or drivetrain components.
How often should I change the AWD fluids in my Explorer ST?
The service intervals for your PTU (Power Transfer Unit) and differential fluids can vary based on your driving habits and conditions. For severe service (e.g., frequent towing, off-roading, aggressive driving), changes might be recommended every 30,000 to 60,000 miles. For normal driving, it could be longer. Always consult your Ford Explorer ST owner’s manual for the precise recommendations and use only the specified fluid types to ensure proper lubrication and longevity of these critical components.
Will driving in Sport mode damage my AWD system?
No, driving in Sport mode will not damage your AWD system. Sport mode is designed to optimize the vehicle’s performance characteristics, including a more aggressive AWD engagement, sharper throttle response, and firmer steering, for spirited driving. It’s an intended feature of the vehicle. However, like any performance driving, it will naturally place more stress on all components compared to leisurely driving, so ensuring proper maintenance (especially fluid changes) is even more important if you frequently use Sport mode.
What should I do if my “AWD Malfunction” light comes on?
If the “AWD Malfunction” light illuminates, it indicates an issue with the all-wheel-drive system. First, check your owner’s manual for specific instructions. Often, it’s recommended to pull over safely and turn the vehicle off and on again to see if it resets. If the light persists or if you notice any unusual noises, vibrations, or changes in driving dynamics, it’s crucial to have the vehicle inspected by a qualified technician as soon as possible. Continuing to drive with an active AWD malfunction could potentially lead to further damage or compromise safety.
Mastering the Ford Explorer ST’s all-wheel drive system transforms your driving experience from ordinary to extraordinary. By understanding its capabilities, utilizing its intelligent drive modes, and committing to essential maintenance, you unlock a vehicle that is not only thrilling to drive but also remarkably capable and safe.
Embrace the power and versatility of your ST. Stay safe and stay comfortable on every journey, knowing your vehicle is always ready for whatever the road—or light trail—throws your way.
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