Is The Ford Explorer All Wheel Drive – Understanding Drivetrain

The Ford Explorer primarily utilizes an Intelligent 4WD system rather than a traditional full-time all-wheel-drive setup. While older models and specific generations featured different configurations, modern Explorers use a sophisticated system that shifts power between wheels based on traction needs.

Choosing a new SUV often leads to technical questions about how the vehicle handles snow, mud, or highway cruising. You likely want to know if your vehicle can handle a weekend at the campsite or a surprise blizzard on the commute. This guide clarifies the drivetrain mechanics of this iconic American SUV so you can drive with confidence.

Understanding the “is the ford explorer all wheel drive” question is essential for proper maintenance and off-road capability. We will break down the differences between Ford’s Intelligent 4WD and standard AWD systems across various model years. By the end of this article, you will know exactly what is under your chassis and how to care for it.

Whether you are a DIY mechanic looking to change differential fluid or a buyer comparing trims, the drivetrain matters. We will explore the Terrain Management System, the importance of the Power Transfer Unit, and how to identify your specific setup. Let’s dive into the technical details that keep your Explorer moving.

Understanding the Basics: is the ford explorer all wheel drive?

When people ask, is the ford explorer all wheel drive, the answer depends heavily on the specific generation and marketing terminology used by Ford. For the current sixth-generation Explorer (2020–present), the vehicle is built on a rear-wheel-drive (RWD) platform. However, it offers an available Intelligent 4WD system.

This system behaves much like an all-wheel-drive (AWD) setup because it operates automatically without driver intervention. It constantly monitors wheel slip and throttle position to distribute torque where it is needed most. Unlike old-school 4×4 systems, you do not have to pull a lever to engage the front wheels.

In many automotive circles, the terms AWD and 4WD are used interchangeably for crossovers, but Ford sticks to the 4WD label. This is because the Explorer’s system includes a transfer case capable of handling more rugged terrain than a basic car-based AWD system. It provides a blend of fuel efficiency and heavy-duty traction.

Generational Shifts: How Explorer Drivetrains Evolved

The Ford Explorer has undergone massive structural changes since its debut in 1991. Early models were truck-based, featuring a traditional body-on-frame design and a manual or electronic shift-on-the-fly 4WD system. These were true off-roaders with a low-range gear for crawling over rocks.

From 2011 to 2019, Ford moved the Explorer to a front-wheel-drive (FWD) based unibody platform. During this era, the “is the ford explorer all wheel drive” query usually referred to the front-biased AWD system. This setup sent power to the front wheels normally and engaged the rear wheels only when the front tires lost grip.

The 2020 redesign marked a return to a longitudinal engine layout and a rear-biased platform. This change improved towing capacity and driving dynamics. Modern 4WD Explorers now feel more balanced, as the system can send up to 100% of the power to the rear or split it evenly between axles.

The Fifth Generation (2011–2019)

These models used a transverse engine layout, which is common in smaller SUVs and minivans. The AWD system in these years relied heavily on a component called the Power Transfer Unit (PTU). The PTU is a small gearbox that sends power from the transaxle to the rear driveshaft.

The Sixth Generation (2020–Present)

The current models use a more robust 4WD system paired with a 10-speed automatic transmission. This setup is designed to be more durable for towing trailers and handling moderate off-road trails. It features a more sophisticated electronic clutch in the transfer case for faster response times.

Intelligent 4WD vs. Traditional AWD: What is the Difference?

While the question of is the ford explorer all wheel drive is common, the “Intelligent 4WD” branding is intentional. A standard AWD system is usually “always on” or reacts slowly to slip. Ford’s Intelligent 4WD uses predictive logic to anticipate slip before it actually happens.

The system gathers data from dozens of sensors, including steering angle, lateral acceleration, and even ambient temperature. If the computer detects that you are turning sharply on a wet surface, it pre-emptively sends torque to the wheels with the most weight on them. This creates a more stable driving experience in rain or light snow.

Another key difference is the Terrain Management System (TMS). This allows the driver to select specific modes like “Sand,” “Mud/Ruts,” or “Deep Snow.” Each mode changes how the 4WD system, throttle, and braking systems behave. A basic AWD system usually lacks these specific calibrations.

• Normal Mode: Balanced for daily driving and fuel economy.
• Eco Mode: Prioritizes rear-wheel drive to save gas.
• Sport Mode: Increases torque to the rear for better handling.
• Tow/Haul: Adjusts shift points and 4WD engagement for heavy loads.

How to Identify Your Ford Explorer’s Drivetrain

If you are looking at a used vehicle and wondering is the ford explorer all wheel drive, there are several easy ways to check. The most obvious sign is the exterior badging. Look for “4WD” or “AWD” emblems on the rear liftgate, usually located on the lower right or left corner.

You can also check the center console inside the cabin. Vehicles equipped with 4WD will have a rotary dial for the Terrain Management System. If the area behind the gear shifter is a flat storage bin with no dial, the vehicle is likely a standard RWD or FWD model.

For a definitive answer, look underneath the rear of the vehicle. If you see a rear differential (a metal pumpkin-shaped housing) and axles going to the rear wheels, it is a 4WD or AWD model. If there is just a solid beam or trailing arms with no axles, it is a two-wheel-drive version.

1. Check the VIN (Vehicle Identification Number) using an online decoder.
2. Inspect the instrument cluster for a “Power Distribution” screen.
3. Look for CV axles protruding from the front and rear wheel hubs.

Off-Roading and Towing: Which System Do You Need?

For the average commuter, a two-wheel-drive Explorer is often sufficient and offers slightly better fuel economy. However, if you plan on towing a boat or a camper, the 4WD system is highly recommended. The extra traction helps when pulling a heavy load up a slippery boat ramp or a gravel incline.

When determining if is the ford explorer all wheel drive enough for off-roading, keep your expectations realistic. The Explorer is a “soft-roader” designed for forest service roads and beach driving. It does not have a locking rear differential or massive ground clearance like a Ford Bronco or F-150 Raptor.

The Intelligent 4WD system is excellent at managing “cross-axle” slip. If one front wheel and one rear wheel are off the ground, the ABS-based traction control will brake the spinning wheels. This forces torque to the wheels that still have contact with the ground, allowing you to crawl out of sticky situations.

Always remember to check your tire pressure before heading onto sand. Even the best 4WD system will struggle if your tires are at highway pressures on soft dunes. Dropping to 20 PSI can make a world of difference, but remember to re-inflate them before hitting the pavement again.

Maintenance Tips for Ford Explorer 4WD Systems

Maintaining a 4WD Explorer requires a bit more attention than a 2WD model. The most critical component to watch in the 2011–2019 models is the Power Transfer Unit (PTU). The fluid in these units can break down due to heat because they sit very close to the exhaust manifold.

Many experienced DIYers recommend changing the PTU fluid every 30,000 miles, even if Ford claims it is “lifetime” fluid. Smelling a “burnt oil” odor or seeing a small leak near the front axle is a sign that the PTU seals are failing. Catching this early can save you thousands in replacement costs.

You must also maintain the rear differential and the transfer case. Check the fluid levels during every other oil change. Use the specific 75W-90 or 80W-90 gear oil recommended in your owner’s manual. Clean the magnetic drain plug to remove any metal shavings that naturally accumulate over time.

Don’t forget about tire rotations. For a 4WD system to work correctly, all four tires must have nearly identical diameters. If you have two brand-new tires on the front and two worn tires on the rear, the computer may think the wheels are slipping. This can cause premature wear on the transfer case clutches.

Common Problems and Troubleshooting Drivetrain Issues

The question of is the ford explorer all wheel drive often comes up during winter when a system failure light appears. A common issue is a faulty wheel speed sensor. If one sensor fails, the computer loses the data it needs to manage torque, often disabling the 4WD system entirely.

Another potential headache is the “AWD Off” or “4WD Temporarily Disabled” message. This often happens if the system overheats during heavy use, such as spinning the tires excessively in deep mud. Usually, letting the vehicle cool down for 15 minutes will reset the system and allow it to re-engage.

Listen for clunking noises when accelerating or turning. This could indicate a worn CV joint or a failing U-joint in the driveshaft. If you feel a vibration that increases with vehicle speed, it is often a sign that the driveshaft is out of balance or a bearing in the PTU is starting to go bad.

If you encounter a “Terrain Management System Fault,” it is best to use an OBD-II scanner to pull the specific codes. These codes will tell you if the issue is electronic (like a bad dial) or mechanical (like a shift motor failure). Always check your fuses first, as a blown fuse can mimic a major mechanical failure.

Frequently Asked Questions About Ford Explorer Drivetrains

Can I tow a Ford Explorer 4WD behind an RV?

Most modern 4WD Explorers can be flat-towed (four wheels on the ground), but you must follow a specific procedure. You usually need to engage “Neutral Tow Mode” through the vehicle’s settings menu. Always consult your specific year’s owner’s manual to avoid destroying the transmission.

Does the Ford Explorer 4WD get worse gas mileage?

Yes, 4WD models typically get 1–2 miles per gallon less than their RWD counterparts. This is due to the added weight of the transfer case and axles, as well as the mechanical drag of the extra moving parts. However, modern systems disconnect the front axle when not needed to minimize this loss.

Is the Ford Explorer 4WD good in snow?

The Ford Explorer is widely considered one of the best SUVs in its class for winter driving. The Deep Snow/Sand mode optimizes the traction control to allow for a small amount of wheel spin, which helps the tires bite through the top layer of snow to find grip underneath.

What is the difference between Ford’s AWD and 4WD?

In the context of the Explorer, Ford uses the term 4WD to highlight the inclusion of the Terrain Management System and its ability to handle more rugged conditions. Technically, it functions as a full-time, proactive AWD system that can vary torque distribution dynamically.

Conclusion: Drive with Authority

Understanding the mechanics behind your vehicle is the first step toward becoming a more capable owner. Whether you are navigating a rainy highway or exploring a light trail, the Ford Explorer’s drivetrain is designed to keep you moving. It offers a sophisticated balance of on-road comfort and off-road readiness.

Remember that the best 4WD system in the world cannot overcome poor maintenance or bald tires. Keep an eye on your fluid levels, rotate your tires every 5,000 miles, and listen for any unusual noises from the undercarriage. Taking care of your Power Transfer Unit and differentials will ensure your Explorer lasts for hundreds of thousands of miles.

If you are ever in doubt about a strange vibration or a warning light, don’t hesitate to consult a professional technician. However, with the knowledge you’ve gained here, you can handle many of the basic checks yourself. Stay safe on the road, enjoy the versatility of your SUV, and keep exploring!